Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Law: AI for Law Enforcement

Makes the COMPAS AI products for the criminal justice system.

Flock offers a wide range of data-generating surveillance equipment, including drones, audio gunshot detectors, body-worn video cameras for police officers, which can then be combined with the company’s software products that include everything from searchable databases to real-time maps.
Flock is relatively new to the automatic license plate readers (ALPR) market, but has become the largest provider of the technology in the country.

TechCrunch 10/16/25

ACLU.org 10/24/25

Makes the Ohio Risk Assessment System (ORAS). Competing product to COMPAS

From Sound Thinking, Uses a combination of sensors and algorithms to detect gunshot.

Streetlights equipped with cameras and microphones, which are connected by wifi and use AI to sense and predict bad behavior.

AI enhanced security for schools

AP News 3/5/22

ProPublica 5/23/2016. In addition to racial bias, the software had a relative accuracy of just 64 percent. Relative accuracy is calculated by looking at pairs of people where one would go on to commit a crime and the other wouldn’t, and calculating how often the former was ranked as higher risk than the latter.
Narayanan, Arvind; Kapoor, Sayash. AI Snake Oil: What Artificial Intelligence Can Do, What It Can’t, and How to Tell the Difference (pp. 79-80). Princeton University Press. Kindle Edition.

Cities Today 11/29/23

City of Chicago Office of Inspector General 8/24/21

Columbus is in the process of getting smart streetlights, but framing them as energy efficient.

Uses ORAS, The Ohio Risk Assessment System